Download ncert books for class 11 informatics practices. If the value of first octet is in range 128 to 191, its a class b ip address. Understanding ip addressing 8 subnetting in 1985, rfc 950 defined a standard procedure to support the subnetting, or division, of a single class a, b, or c network number into smaller pieces. The range of ip address from class a to class b skips the 127. The list below shows the five available ip classes, along with the number of networks each can support and the maximum number of hosts devices that can be on each of those networks. Also note that the terms class a, class b and so on are used in this document in order to help facilitate the understanding of ip addressing and. The classes created were based on the network size. This tutorial explains what ip address is, ip address format, types of ip address, ip address classes, subnet mask, private ip addresses and public ip addresses in detail with examples. Summarizing different classes of ip address with its range and applications. This includes all values from 00000001 to 01111111, or 1 to 127.
Ip address classifications class bits in network id number of networks bits in host id number of hosts network address range subnet mask a 8 126 24 4,000,000 1. The class c was created for the numerous networks with the small number of hosts. Ip addresses are split up into several different categories, including class a. Ip addresses from the first three classes a, b and c can be used for host addresses. Ncert book for class 11 informatics practices free pdf. The other two classes are used for other purposes class d for multicast and class e for experimental purposes. Classful ip addressing when ip was first standardized in september 1981, the specification required that each system attached to an ipbased internet be assigned a unique, 32bit internet address value. It is used to identify all the websites on the internet. Allocating, recycling, and documenting ip addresses and subnets in a net work can get. If the value of first octet is in range 1 to 127, its a class a ip address. The method divides the ip address space for internet protocol. Divided into a network portion and host portion broken into four octets 1 octet 8 bits.
Internet protocol hierarchy contains several classes of ip addresses to be used efficiently in various situations as per the requirement of hosts per network. Hhhhhhhh class c address the first octet of class c ip address has its first 3 bits set to 110, that is. An internet protocol address ip address is a numerical label assigned to each device connected to a computer network that uses the internet protocol for communication. Download entire book or each chapter in pdf, click on the below links to access books for informatics practices class 11 based on syllabus and guidelines issued by cbse and ncert.
Ip address classes ip address classes were the original organizational structure for ip addresses. Internet protocol introduction university of alaska. In danger of running out of classes a and b class c too small for most. Home up board question papers ncert solutions cbse papers cbse notes ncert books motivational. Class, leading bits, size of network number bit field. Before heading deeper into ip addresses, you should be aware of the following terms. A classful network is a network addressing architecture used in the internet from 1981 until the introduction of classless interdomain routing in 1993. Types, features and classes of ip address interserver tips. The ip addressing plan used in the cisco smart business architecture. Class a addresses are ip addresses that are assigned to network devices, such as computers, and include all addresses in which the first bit of the first octet is set to 0 zero. Ip addresses are divided into five classes that are identified by the value of the first octet the first decimal number. It specifies the way information is packetized, addressed, transferred, routed, and received by.
Beginners guide to internet protocol ip addresses icann. Ip addressing overview 2 ip addressing overview an ip address uniquely identifies a device on an ip network. To find the class of an ip address, simply pay attention on the first octet. Preclass workreadwatch all the material at least once before classi will clarify in class. Introduction of classful ip addressing geeksforgeeks. An ip address internet protocol address is a numerical representation that uniquely identifies a specific interface on the network. Class d is used for multicast, a limited form of broadcast. A class b ip address used the two highorder octets to indicate the network address. They can be resolved and routed across the internet from one point to another. The system of ip address classes was developed for the purpose of internet ip addresses assignment. Bit a bit is a single digit with a value of 0 or 1. The first octet of class c ip address has its first 3 bits set to.
Mastering ip subnetting forever ucf department of eecs. This document focuses on classes a to c, since classes d and e are reserved and discussion of them is beyond the scope of this document. Ip addressing basics 3 ip addressing basics ip version 4 ipv4 addresses, which uniquely identify a device on an ip network, are 32 bits in length and are typically communicated in a format known as dotted decimal. An ip address is the unique numerical address of a device in a computer network that uses internet protocol. An ip address is a 32bit number that uniquely identifies a host computer or other device, such as a printer or router on a tcpip network. Ip address classes 15441 computer networking class a. Internet protocol ip addresses are the unique numbers assigned to every computer or device that is. As per request for comment rfc 1700, there are five classes of ip addresses used for computer networks. Class b has 16384 214 network addresses and 65534 2162 host addresses. The success of tcpip as the network protocol of the internet is largely because of its ability to connect together networks of different sizes and systems of different types. An ip address is the unique numerical address of a device in a computer network that uses. Each ip address is unique and it is separated by periods. For example, for the small number of networks with a very large number of hosts, the class a was created.
The system of ip address classes was developed for the purpose of internet ip. Ip 67 din en 60529 vde 04701 ipprotection classes exract the ip code indicates the level of protection that a device, such as an electronic switch, receives from its housing. We can use ip address class a, b, and c for subnetting and supernetting in a computer network. There are three 3 usable unicast ip address classes a, b and c the first bytenumberoctet identifies the class that the ip belongs toclassification correct classification is a starting point, for. There are five different classes of networks, a to e. Ingress protection reference chart en 60529 outlines an international classification system for the sealing effectiveness of enclosures of electrical equipment against the intrusion into the. If you look at the table you may notice something strange.
Subnetting does this by allowing you to select an arbitrary number of bits to use. These classes are best assigned and used according to the estimated number of hosts you anticipate having on your network. As with class a, address space for the remaining address. E class e addresses are reserved for future use and class d are usually used for testing only. The books can be downloaded in pdf format for class 11 informatics practices. The specific address class would determine the maximum potential size for a computer network. Among other important functions, they identify every device connected to. Internet protocols 305 ip address classes table 301 reference information about the five ip address classes figure 304 illustrates the format of the commercial ip address classes. A class a network covers the ip address range of 1. Ipv4 employs a 32bit address, which limits the number of possible. Understanding tcpip addressing and subnetting basics. Ip address is an address having information about how to reach a specific host, especially outside the lan. An ipv4 address class is a categorical division of internet protocol addresses in ipv4based routing.
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